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Santi Shi is one of the many postures used in Zhan Zhuang and is the fundamental stance used in the practice of Xing Yi Quan. It is classed as the root for all subsequent techniques of Xing Yi Quan, including the Five Elements and 12 Animal Forms. Literally translating to the three bodies, it is also known as the trinity posture, which relates to the three “extremities” of the head, hands and feet. When standing in Santi Shi there are three external and three internal relationships or harmonies which must be applied. The hands harmonize with the feet, the elbows harmonize with the knees and the shoulders harmonize with the hips in the external aspects; and the heart harmonizes with the intent, the intent harmonizes with the qi and the qi harmonizes with the power in the internal aspects. In addition to the three harmonies, the body is further divided into five aspects: the legs represent the chicken, which is characterized by the potential of fast, aggressive movements; the body is representative of the dragon, which is characterized by strong, yet supple coiling potential; the shoulders represent the strength and structure of the bear; the eyes and fingers display the abilities of the eagle, using keen vision with martial intent through the eyes and strong gripping potential in the fingers like the talons of the eagle; and the arms represent the potential of the powerful embrace of the tiger. When standing in Santi Shi, the weight distribution should be between 60% – 70% placed on the back leg and between 30% – 40% placed on the front leg, with the feet “rooting” to the ground. The depth of the stance should result in bent knees on both legs, and produce the potential for a sharp, burst forward to attack an opponent. The mind should be calm and focused on the requirements for maintaining the posture itself, the body should utilize only as much tension in the muscles as is necessary to maintain the posture, and of course, both sides should be trained equally. With these details in mind, the practice of Santi Shi should become more accessible, and with time, it should give the practitioner the foundation required to study the full extent of Xing Yi Quan.
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